The novel Gulliver’s
Travel is written by Jhonathan Swift. This novel is the misanthropic satire on
Humanity. In this book swift uess the journy as the backdrop for his satire.
The original title of the book is “Travels in to several Remote nation of
the world”. This novel was in form of prose satire and also devided in to
four voyages.
Summary:
Gulliver's
Travels is an adventure story and it involving
several voyages of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship's surgeon, who, because of a series
of mishaps en route to recognized ports, ends up, instead, on several unknown
islands living with people and animals of unusual sizes, behaviors, and
philosophies, but who, after each adventure, is somehow able to return to his
home in England where he recovers from these unusual experiences and then sets
out again on a new voyage.
Book 1:
Voyage to Lilliput
When the
ship Gulliver is traveling on is destroyed in a storm, Gulliver ends up on the
island of Lilliput, where he awakes to find that he has been captured by
Lilliputians, very small people — approximately six inches in height. Gulliver
is treated with compassion and concern. In turn, he helps them solve some of
their problems, especially their conflict with their enemy, Blefuscu, an island
across the bay from them. Gulliver falls from favor, however, because he
refuses to support the Emperor's desire to enslave the Blefuscudians and
because he "makes water" to put out a palace fire. Gulliver flees to
Blefuscu, where he converts a large war ship to his own use and sets sail from
Blefuscu eventually to be rescued at sea by an English merchant ship and returned
to his home in England.
Book
II: Voyage to Brobdingnag
As he travels as a ship's surgeon,
Gulliver and a small crew are sent to find water on an island. Instead they
encounter a land of giants. As the crew flees, Gulliver is left behind and
captured. Gulliver's captor, a farmer, takes him to the farmer's home where
Gulliver is treated kindly, but, of course, curiously. The farmer assigns his
daughter, Glumdalclitch, to be Gulliver's keeper, and she cares for Gulliver
with great compassion. The farmer takes Gulliver on tour across the
countryside, displaying him to onlookers. Eventually, the farmer sells Gulliver
to the Queen. At court, Gulliver meets the King, and the two spend many
sessions discussing the customs and behaviors of Gulliver's country. In many
cases, the King is shocked and chagrined by the selfishness and pettiness that
he hears Gulliver describe. Gulliver, on the other hand, defends England. One day, on
the beach, as Gulliver looks longingly at the sea from his box (portable room),
he is snatched up by an eagle and eventually dropped into the sea. A passing
ship spots the floating chest and rescues Gulliver, eventually returning him to
England and his family.
Book
III: Voyage to Laputa
Gulliver is
on a ship bound for the Levant. After arriving, Gulliver is assigned captain of
a sloop to visit nearby islands and establish trade. On this trip, pirates
attack the sloop and place Gulliver in a small boat to fend for himself. While
drifting at sea, Gulliver discovers a Flying Island. While on the Flying
Island, called Laputa, Gulliver meets several inhabitants, including the King.
All are preoccupied with things associated with mathematics and music. In
addition, astronomers use the laws of magnetism to move the island up, down,
forward, backward, and sideways, thus controlling the island's movements in
relation to the island below (Balnibarbi). While in this land, Gulliver visits
Balnibarbi, the island of Glubbdubdrib, and Luggnagg. Gulliver finally arrives
in Japan where he meets the Japanese emperor. From there, he goes to Amsterdam
and eventually home to England.
Book
IV: The land of Houyhnms
While
Gulliver is captain of a merchant ship bound for Barbados and the Leeward
Islands, several of his crew become ill and die on the voyage. Gulliver hires
several replacement sailors in Barbados. These replacements turn out to be
pirates who convince the other crew members to mutiny. As a result, Gulliver is
deposited on a "strand" (an island) to fend for himself. Almost
immediately, he is discovered by a herd of ugly, despicable human-like
creatures who are called, he later learns, Yahoos. They attack him by climbing
trees and defecating on him. He is saved from this disgrace by the appearance
of a horse, identified, he later learns, by the name Houyhnhnm. The grey horse
(a Houyhnhnm) takes Gulliver to his home, where he is introduced to the grey's
mare (wife), a colt and a foal (children), and a sorrel nag (the servant).
Gulliver also sees that the Yahoos are kept in pens away from the house. It
becomes immediately clear that, except for Gulliver's clothing, he and the
Yahoos are the same animal. From this point on, Gulliver and his master (the
grey) begin a series of discussions about the evolution of Yahoos, about
topics, concepts, and behaviors related to the Yahoo society, which Gulliver
represents, and about the society of the Houyhnhnms.
Despite his
favored treatment in the grey steed's home, the kingdom's Assembly determines
that Gulliver is a Yahoo and must either live with the uncivilized Yahoos or
return to his own world. With great sadness, Gulliver takes his leave of the
Houyhnhnms. He builds a canoe and sails to a nearby island where he is
eventually found hiding by a crew from a Portuguese ship. The ship's captain
returns Gulliver to Lisbon, where he lives in the captain's home. Gulliver is
so repelled by the sight and smell of these "civilized Yahoos" that
he can't stand to be around them. Eventually, however, Gulliver agrees to
return to his family in England. Upon his arrival, he is repelled by his Yahoo
family, so he buys two horses and spends most of his days caring for and
conversing with the horses in the stable in order to be as far away from his
Yahoo family as possible.
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